纽约的远程工作税 | 外刊精读

学英语,总会有好事发生的。
0 人赞同了该文章

本期精读的文章来自The Economist关于纽约税收的报道:New York v the Zoom tax


由于疫情原因,很多纽约公司的员工都选择了远程办公,但根据纽约法律,他们仍然需要向纽约缴纳收入所得税。这也引起了临近两个州的反对,并带来了相关的法庭纠纷。同时,一些公司也在考虑搬离纽约,而这可能会给该市财政带来巨大损失。



文章小标题Start spreading the dues意思相当于“开始平摊费用”,其中dues相当于fees,意思是“会费”。主标题New York v the Zoom tax很有意思,Zoom是近几年很火的云视频会议平台,疫情期间很多企业使用Zoom来远程办公,因此纽约针对远程办公人群征收的税也被作者称为the Zoom tax


这篇文章里面出现了不少一词多义现象,下面会有详细分析。向公众号回复:税收,可以获取这篇文章的英文原文、译文和音频。




开头段介绍了在纽约工作的人因为疫情而采取的远程工作情况。



ACCORDING TO A Manhattan Institute poll, more than half of high-earning New Yorkers are working entirely from home and 44% are considering leaving the city.


根据曼哈顿研究机构的一份调研,纽约高收入人群中有超过一半的人完全在家工作,而且还有44%的人正在考虑离开这座城市。


作者使用high-earning来形容“高收入”,这一表达方式可以借鉴,“高收入者”可以说high-earners,“低收入者”则是low-earners;“远程工作”可以说work from home/work remotely



Ned Lamont, Connecticut’s governor, has said “the old idea of the commuter going into New York City five days a week may be an idea that’s behind us.”


康涅狄格州州长内德·拉蒙特说:"通勤者一周五天到纽约市工作的传统观念可能要成为过去了。"



It does seem unlikely that the tens of thousands who commute from Mr Lamont’s state will continue to do so, or indeed the 400,000 that commute to the Big Applefrom New Jersey.


从拉蒙特先生所在的州出发前往纽约上班的成千上万人确实不太可能继续这样做。事实上,从新泽西州通勤到纽约的40万人也是如此。


这里用Mr Lamont’s state来指代前面提到的Connecticut,用the Big Apple来指代纽约市,这样可以避免用词重复。



The region’s governors have worked well together to tackle the pandemic, but the cordialness may soon end over taxes.


该地区的州长们在处理疫情上已经配合得很好,但这种友好的氛围可能很快就会被税收问题破坏。


首段最后一句做了转折,自然引出第二段。




第二段介绍了纽约对外来务工人员的税收政策。



When people from neighbouring New Jersey and Connecticut commute to New York to work for a New York-based employer, they must pay New York tax on the related earned income. Their home states usually offer a credit to those workers.


当人们从邻近的新泽西州和康涅狄格州到纽约为该市的雇主工作时,他们必须为相关的工作收入缴纳纽约税。他们的原籍州通常会为这些工人提供税收减免。


a credit这里相当于a tax credit,意思是“税收减免”,比如:Senator Bill Bradley outlined his own tax cut, giving families $350 in tax credits per child. 比尔·布拉德利参议员概述了自己的减税计划,提出每个孩子可为家庭减免350美元的课税。



Even those who work from home must pay New York taxes, according to the state’s “convenience of the employer” rule—unless the employee is working outside New York by necessity.


根据纽约州的"方便雇主"法规,即使是在家工作的人也必须缴纳纽约税——除非该雇员迫于生计不得不在纽约以外的地方工作。



Taxpayers and neighbouring states are looking closely at this loophole, as a deadly epidemic probably counts.


纳税人和邻近各州都在密切关注这一纳税漏洞,因为新冠这一致命流行疾病可能也算(雇员远程工作)的一个影响因素。


Count在这里是动词,意思相当于matter,即“有重要意义”(to be important),比如“礼轻情意重”的英文说法就是:It's the thought that counts.




第三段介绍了围绕“纽约税”相关的纠纷。



On December 22nd Connecticut and New Jersey filed briefs to the Supreme Court to consider a case which challenges a state’s ability to tax non-residents’ income while they are working remotely.


康涅狄格州和新泽西州在12月22日向最高法院提交了诉讼状以审议一个案件。关于一个州是否有资格对远程工作的非居民征收收入税,该案件对此提出了质疑。


这一句出现了几个熟词生义现象:file在这里是动词,意思相当于“提起(诉讼),提交(申请)”,比如“提出离婚申请”英文说法是file for divorce;brief在这里指的是“辩护状,案情摘要”(a document giving the facts of a legal case);challenge是动词,意思相当于“质疑”,比如:Viewpoints such as these are strongly challenged by environmentalists. 类似这样的观点遭到环境保护主义者的强烈质疑。




New Hampshire filed suit against Massachusetts in October over taxing New Hampshire residents who are working remotely.


新罕布什尔州在10月对马萨诸塞州提起诉讼,原因是该州对远程工作的新罕布什尔州居民征税。



“We are hopeful that the Supreme Court will hold that states do not have the constitutional authority to tax individuals who neither live nor work there,” said Phil Murphy, New Jersey’s governor. This could cost New York billions, says Scott Roberti of Ernst & Young, an accounting firm.


新泽西州州长菲尔·墨菲说:"我们希望最高法院能够认定,对于那些既不在当地居住也不在当地工作的个人,各州没有宪法规定的权力能够对他们征税。” 会计公司安永会计师事务所的斯科特·罗伯蒂说,这可能会让纽约损失数十亿美元。




第四段介绍了公司搬离纽约的一个趋势。



This is not the only threat to the city’s finances. Firms have considered leaving the city before, but employees are now less resistant to moving, says Kathryn Wylde of Partnership for New York City, an industry group. “They’ve been working remotely for ten months and they’ve adjusted to that idea.”


这并不是对纽约市财政的唯一威胁。行业组织“纽约市伙伴关系”的凯瑟琳·怀尔德说,企业以前也曾考虑过离开这座城市,但现在员工对搬离纽约的抵触情绪已经没有那么高了。“他们已经远程工作了十个月,逐渐接受了搬离纽约的想法”。



Goldman Sachs is mulling moving its asset managers to Florida. Elliott Management plans to move its headquarters from midtown Manhattan to West Palm Beach.


高盛正在考虑将公司的资产管理经理派到佛罗里达州办公。艾略特管理公司计划将其总部从曼哈顿中城迁至西棕榈滩。


Mull在这里的含义是“仔细琢磨,反复思考”(to think about something slowly and carefully),它可以作为上一句Firms have considered leaving…的动词替换,实现用词多样。



Blackstone, a private-equity firm, and Citadel, a hedge fund, are also opening offices in Florida, which has no state income tax.


私募股权公司黑石集团和对冲基金城堡投资也在佛罗里达州开设办事处,该州没有州所得税。




结尾段说明了高收入人才大量流失会对纽约造成的影响。



Companies are also watching the progression of the Billionaire Mark to Market Tax Act, which would treat unrealised capital gains on billionaires’ assets as taxable income.


很多公司也在关注“亿万富翁按市值征税法案”的进展,该法案将把拥有10亿资产的人的未实现资本收益作为应税收入。


Mark to Market是一个会计学专业名词,意思是“按市值计价”,unrealised在这里是熟词生义,意思是“未变现的”(not sold or changed into the form of money)。



Andrew Cuomo, New York’s Democratic governor, has said he would veto any soak-the-rich legislation, because it would drive out wealthy, mobile residents, though that would bring a fight with the party’s progressive wing.


纽约民主党州长安德鲁·库莫表示,他将否决任何向富人征收重税的立法,因为这会赶走富有的、流动性强的居民,不过他的做法会面临党内进步派的斗争。


Soak在这里是一个专门用法,意思是“向……敲竹杠(征重税)”,wing不是指“翅膀”,而是指“派别,派系”。




It would not take too many moving trucks for the city to feel the loss in revenue, says Michael Hendrix, also of the Manhattan Institute.


迈克尔·亨德里克斯同样来自曼哈顿研究所,他说,不需要太多搬家卡车驶离纽约就能让这座城市感受到收入的损失。


迈克尔·亨德里克斯在讲人们离开纽约时使用了搬家卡车这一意象,这能够让读者直观记住这一场景,使句子更加生动。



A 5% loss of New Yorkers making a mere six figures would result in an annual loss of $933m in revenue—roughly the amount allocated for the city’s health department.


只要有5%的年收入仅为10万美金的纽约人离开,就会给纽约造成每年9.33亿美元的收入损失——这一金额大致相当于划拨给该市卫生部门的经费。


Figure在这里指的是“位数”,six figures是“六位数”,也就是10万。“一份年薪十万的工作”可以说a six-figure salary


发布于 2021-02-04 17:15:36
还没有评论
    旗渡客服