英文贷款协议的主要条款(2/2)

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在上一篇文章《英文贷款协议的主要条款(1/2)》中提到了,英文贷款协议的条款可以大致归纳为财务条款、管理条款和格式条款三大类。


今天说说管理条款和格式条款。管理条款是关于贷款人对贷款进行监督和管理的条款,如陈述和保证、承诺、先决条件、违约事件等。


首先说说陈述和保证。大部分的英文合同都会设有陈述和保证条款。陈述和保证这两个术语源于英美法。在英美法中,陈述(representation)是指一方为了使另一方与其达成合约而作出的一项说明。保证(warranty)则是指一项合同约定,如果一方违反合同条款,另一方有权要求其作出赔偿,赔偿范围包括达成合约过程中发生的费用。在各类协议中,陈述条款和保证条款没有太大的区别,合称陈述和保证条款或陈述条款。


一般而言,签约时要申明陈述和保证都真实(true)和准确(accurate)(往往有在重大方面的限制性语言)。如果陈述和保证的内容不真实准确,贷款人就可以一方面拒绝继续向借款人发放贷款,另一方面根据违约事件条款寻求救济。


承诺(undertakings或者covenants)是借款人作出的有关其业务和其他事项的保证,包括承诺做某些事,以及承诺不做某些事。承诺条款直接与违约条款挂钩,借款人如果违反承诺条款,将构成违约事件。


承诺一般可以分为积极承诺和消极承诺。积极承诺要求借款人必须主动采取某些行动,例如,保证取得某些资质或批文,保证遵守法律法规等。消极承诺就是禁止借款人采取某些行动,例如,不得在借款人的资产上为其他人设定担保,不得处置重大资产等。



实战运用:

1.   Representations and Warranties 陈述和保证

Each of the Borrowers and the Guarantor makes the representations and warranties set out in this Clause 19 to each Finance Party.

借款人和保证人向各融资方作出第19条所述的陈述和保证。


1.1 Status 地位

Each Obligor is a limited liability company, duly incorporated, validly existing and (where applicable) in good standing under the law of its jurisdiction of incorporation. Each Obligor and each of its Subsidiaries has the power to own its assets and carry on its business as it is being conducted.

各债务人是根据成立地的法律合法成立、有效存续且(如适用)手续完备的有限责任公司。各债务人及其各子公司有权持有其资产和从事其正在经营的业务。


1.2 Binding obligations 有约束力的义务

Subject to any general principles of law limiting its obligations which are specifically referred to in any legal opinion delivered pursuant to Clause 4 (Conditions of Utilisation), the obligations expressed to be assumed by each Obligor in each Finance Document to which such Obligor is a party are legal, valid, binding and enforceable obligations. Each Finance Document is in the proper form for its enforcement in the jurisdiction of its incorporation.

在不违反根据第4条(提款条件)提交的任何法律意见书中明确提及的限制其义务的任何一般法律原则之情况下,在各债务人作为一方当事人的各融资文件中明确规定由其承担的义务均为合法、有效、有约束力和可执行的义务。各融资文件是以可在其成立地所属司法管辖区强制执行所需的恰当格式编制。


1.3 Non-conflict with other obligations 不与其他义务相冲突

The entry into and performance by each Obligor of, and the transactions contemplated by, the Finance Documents to which such Obligor is a party, and the granting of the Transaction Security do not and will not conflict with: any law or regulation applicable to any Obligor; the constitutional documents of any Obligor or any of its Subsidiaries; or any agreement or instrument binding upon any Obligor or any of its Subsidiaries or any of assets of any Obligor or any of its Subsidiaries.

各债务人签订和履行其作为一方当事人的融资文件和融资文件项下的交易以及该债务人授予交易担保目前和将来均不会与下列事项相冲突:任何适用于债务人的法律或法规;任何债务人或其任何子公司的章程性文件;或者,任何对任何债务人或其任何子公司或任何债务人资产或其任何子公司资产具有约束力的协议或文书。


1.4 Power and authority 权力和权限

Each Obligor has the power to enter into, perform and deliver, and has taken all necessary action to authorise its entry into, performance and delivery of, the Finance Documents to which such Obligor is aparty and the transactions contemplated by those Finance Documents.

各债务人有权签订、履行和递交,并且已经采取一切必要行动授权签订、履行和递交其作为一方当事人的融资文件和融资文件项下的交易。


1.5 No Default 无违约

No Event of Default is continuing or might reasonably be expected to result from the making of any Utilisation or its entry into, its performance of, or any transaction contemplated by, any Finance Document.

无持续存在的违约事件,或合理预计不会因任何提款或其签订任何融资文件、履行任何融资文件或任何融资文件项下的任何交易而产生任何违约事件。


1.6 No misleading information 无误导性信息

All other information supplied by or on behalf of any member of the Group to a Finance Party was true, accurate and complete in all material respects as at the date it was provided or as at the date (if any) at which it is stated to be given and was not at that date misleading in any respect.

任何集团成员或其代表向融资方提供的所有其他信息在提供之日或约定提供之日(如有),在所有重大方面均真实、准确和完整,且在该日在任何方面均不具有误导性。


2.   Undertakings 承诺

The undertakings in this Clause 20 remain in force from the date of this Agreement for so long as any amount is outstanding under the Finance Documents or any Commitment is in force.

第20条所列的承诺自本协议签订之日起持续有效,只要融资文件项下存在任何未偿付的款项或任何承诺额保持有效。


除了财务条款和管理条款外,贷款协议中的其他条款都可以归纳为格式条款。格式条款是任何一个完整的合同所必备的条款,包括定义和解释、转让、适用法律和争议解决、通知和保密条款等。


格式条款是学习法律英语的入门级内容,对于进一步理解和掌握其他更为复杂的法律英语知识也很有帮助。关于这方面的内容,孙万彪老师的《英汉法律翻译教程》和《汉英法律翻译教程》可以说是非常经典的书籍。


发布于 2020-05-27 09:10:07
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