刑法中自首和立功的具体区别及其相关双语法规

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自首(voluntary surrender),是指犯罪以后自动投案,如实供述自己的罪行的行为。被采取强制措施的犯罪嫌疑人、被告人和正在服刑的罪犯,如实供述司法机关还未掌握的本人其他罪行的,以自首论。据此,自首可以分为一般自首与准自首。

立功(rendering meritorious),是指犯罪人犯罪后揭发他人犯罪行为,查证属实,或者提供重要线索,从而得以侦破其他案件,以及其他有利于预防、查获、制裁犯罪的行为。

参考双语法规:

《中华人民共和国刑法》第六十七条:

犯罪以后自动投案,如实供述自己的罪行的,是自首。对于自首的犯罪分子,可以从轻或者减轻处罚。其中,犯罪较轻的,可以免除处罚。

A criminal who surrenders himself may be given a lighter or mitigated punishment. Those who commit a relatively minor crime may be exempted from punishment.

被采取强制措施的犯罪嫌疑人、被告人和正在服刑的罪犯,如实供述司法机关还未掌握的本人其他罪行的,以自首论。

Where a suspected criminal or defendant under compulsory measures or a criminal serving a sentence truthfully confesses other crimes of his own that are not known to the judicial organ, it shall be regarded as voluntary surrender.

犯罪嫌疑人虽不具有前两款规定的自首情节,但是如实供述自己罪行的,可以从轻处罚;因其如实供述自己罪行,避免特别严重后果发生的,可以减轻处罚。

If a suspected criminal does not have the circumstances as prescribed in the preceding two paragraphs but truthfully confesses his crime, he may be given a lighter punishment; A mitigated punishment may be given to a person who truthfully confesses his crime so as to avoid especially serious consequences.

《中华人民共和国刑法》第六十八条:

犯罪分子有揭发他人犯罪行为,查证属实的,或者提供重要线索,从而得以侦破其他案件等立功表现的,可以从轻或者减轻处罚;有重大立功表现的,可以减轻或者免除处罚。

A criminal who performs meritorious services such as exposing criminal acts of others and making investigations to verify them, or providing important clues so as to solve other cases, may be given a lighter or mitigated punishment; Those who perform major meritorious services may be given a mitigated punishment or exempted from punishment.


自首和立功的区别:

一、共犯人在自首和立功上成立要件不同:

1.共犯人自动投案后,如实供述本人同案的同案犯罪事实,成立自首;

2.共犯人自动投案后,如实供述与本人不同案的同案犯罪行,经查证属实,或者共犯人协助抓获同案犯,成立立功。

二、法律效果不同:

1.自首对事(即自首的罪行)不对人,采取相对从宽处罚原则:

(1)对于自首的犯罪分子,可以从轻或者减轻处罚,其中犯罪较轻的,可以免除处罚;

(2)具体确定从轻、减轻、免除处罚,应当根据犯罪轻重并考虑自首的具体情节。

2.立功对人(即犯罪人)不对事:

(1)有立功表现的,可以从轻或者减轻处罚;

(2)有重大立功表现的,可以减轻或者免除处罚。


参考双语例句:

We have taken note of the Prosecutor’s progress report, especially in terms of the following issues: first, the contacts with Saif Al-Islam Al-Qadhafi concerning his surrender; secondly, the progress in on-the-ground investigations that have been undertaken thus far; thirdly, the willingness of the Office of the Prosecutor to conduct investigations into the circumstances that led to the death of Muammar Qadhafi; and fourth, the need for comprehensive investigations into possible further crimes committed by NATO, the NTC and pro-Qadhafi forces.

我们注意到检察官的进度报告,特别是在以下问 题方面:首先,就赛义夫·伊斯兰·卡扎 菲 的 自 首问 题同他进行的接触;其次,迄 今进行的实地调查所取 得进展;第三,检察官办公室愿意对导致穆阿迈尔·卡 扎菲死亡的情况进行调查;第四,有必要全面调查北 约组织、全国过渡委员会及亲卡扎菲部队可能犯下的 进一步罪行的指控。

After participating in a series of attacks, including extrajudicial killings, the boys surrendered to police and gave detailed accounts of the group’s activities.

这些在参与了一系列攻击,包括法外处决之后,这些儿童向警方自首,并详细讲述了该组织的活动。

发布于 2022-05-25 16:59:36
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