不安抗辩权,英文表达为unsafe right of defense或unstable counter-argument right,指应当先履行债务的当事人有确切证据证明对方丧失或者可能丧失履行债务能力的,有权中止履行合同义务。当事人中止履行的,应当及时通知对方。对方提供适当担保的,应当恢复履行。中止履行后,对方在合理期限内未恢复履行能力且未提供适当担保的,视为以自己的行为表明不履行主要债务,中止履行的一方可以解除合同并可以请求对方承担违约责任。
先履行抗辩权,英文表达为first fulfil the right of defense或counterpleaing right of later execution,指合同双方当事人互负债务并有先后履行顺序的,后履行一方在对方履行之前或不适当履行时拒绝对方向自己提出的履行要求的权利。先履行抗辩权是后履行方的权利,也有学者称为后履行抗辩权。
应当先履行债务的当事人,有确切证据证明对方有下列情形之一的,可以中止履行:
1.经营状况严重恶化;
2.转移财产、抽逃资金,以逃避债务;
3.丧失商业信誉;
4.有丧失或者可能丧失履行债务能力的其他情形。
当事人没有确切证据中止履行的,应当承担违约责任。
不安抗辩权和先履行抗辩权的区别:
1.先履行抗辩权的权利主体为后履行一方,而不安抗辩权的权利主体为先履行一方;
2.先履行抗辩权适用于先履行人不履行或者不按约定履行,而不安抗辩权适用于先履行一方经营状况严重恶化、丧失商业信誉等情形。
相关双语法规:
《合同法》第六十九条:
当事人依照本法第六十八条的规定中止履行的,应当及时通知对方。对方提供适当担保时,应当恢复履行。中止履行后,对方在合理期限内未恢复履行能力并且未提供适当担保的,中止履行的一方可以解除合同。
If a party suspends its performance in accordance with the provisions of Article 68 of this Law, it shall timely notify the other party. If the other party provides appropriate assurance for its performance, the party shall resume performance. After performance was suspended, if the other party fails to regain its ability to perform and fails to provide appropriate assurance within a reasonable time, the suspending party may terminate the contract.
参考双语例句:
The disturbed defense right is a unique system in civil law countries, which is usually exerted by the first to fulfill the obligations, while the first can stop carrying out debts.
而不安抗辩权则是大陆法系国家中一项特有的制度,它通常由有先履行义务的一方行使,先履行方可以中止履行债务。
The following rights and freedoms are expressly provided for: right to life, right to physical and mental integrity, individual freedom, right to defense, freedom of movement, personal and family privacy, inviolability of domicile, secrecy of correspondence, freedom of conscience, freedom of expression, right to information, right to education, access to culture, rights to protection of health, right to a healthy environment, right to vote, right to be elected, freedom of assembly, right of association, right to work and social protection of labour, prohibition of forced labour, right to strike, right of private property, economic freedom, right of inheritance, right to a decent standard of living, protection of children and young people, protection of disabled persons, right of petition, right of a person aggrieved by a public authority.
其中明确规定了以下权利和自由:生命权、身心健康权、个人自由、抗辩权、迁徙自由、个人及家庭隐私权、住处不受侵犯权、通信保密权、良知自由、言论自由、知情权、教育权、接触文化的权利、健康保护权、拥有健康环境的权利、选举权、被选举权、集会自由、结社自由、工作权与劳动社会保障权、禁止强迫劳动、罢工权、私有财产权、经济自由、继承权、享受体面生活的权利、儿童与青年受保护权、残疾人受保护权、请愿权、遭受公共部门侵害者的权利。
