冲突法

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冲突法是调整涉外民事关系的法律部门之一。在各国民事法律就同一涉外民事法律关系规定不同而发生法律冲突的情况下,指定以何种法律调整该特定法律关系的标准的法律适用法。是间接法律规范,其作用是援引出确定当事人权利义务的直接法律规范,它只有同其援引并适用的特定实体民商法相结合,才能最终确定当事人的权利义务。因此,它既不同于直接规定当事人权利义务的实体法,也不制约诉讼及非诉讼的程序法,而是一种特殊类型的法律适用法。如:一中国上海女子在美国纽约嫁给一印度孟买男子,婚后定居孟买并生儿育女。该女子不幸英年早逝,未留下任何遗嘱,但在上海和孟买均留下了价值可观的动产和不动产。其丈夫、子女及父母因析产不均产生争议,其父母诉诸上海市第一中级人民法院,因为该案中存在涉外因素,在审理该案时就可能出现究竟要适用哪国法律的问题。


为了更好的理解该词,以下是该词的英文释义“Conflict of laws (sometimes called private international law) concerns relations across different legal jurisdictions between natural persons, companies, corporations and other legal entities, their legal obligations and the appropriate forum and procedure for resolving disputes between them. Conflict of laws especially affects private international law, but may also affect domestic legal disputes e.g. determination of which state law applies in the United States, or where a contract makes incompatible reference to more than one legal framework.”


如:


1.This Agreement shall be governed by and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the People’s Republic of China (solely for purpose of this Agreement, excluding the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, the Macau Special Administrative Region and Taiwan), without regard to the conflict of law rules thereof.

本合同受中华人民共和国(为本合同之目的,不包括香港特别行政区、澳门特别行政区和台湾地区)法律(不包括冲突法规则)管辖并按其解释。

2.The conflict of laws is a basic question in the private international law theory and a practice, relates directly to the understanding to the private international law other questions. 

法律冲突问题是国际私法领域的基本问题,国际私法的历史发展和体系构建都是以法律冲突为起点的。

发布于 2020-06-02 16:11:56
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