Juvenile和Minor都可以表达“未成年人；青少年”。Juvenile通常用来指青少年犯罪的人；Minor通常用来指法律上不负责任的未成年人，与此相对应的是majority(法定成年)。

Juvenile Code，青少年法典

the group of statutes governing juvenile delinquency proceedings, designated proceedings,and child protective proceedings.

一组管理青少年犯罪诉讼、指定诉讼和儿童保护诉讼的法规。

Juvenile Court，少年法庭

a court of law responsible for the trial or legal supervision of children under a specified age(18 in most countries).

负责审判或监督特定年龄以下儿童(大多数国家为18岁)的法庭。

Juvenile Offender，少年犯

a person below a specific age(18 in most countries)who hascommitted a crime.

未满特定年龄(大多数国家为18岁)犯罪的人。

Juvenile Delinquency，少年犯罪

the committing of criminal acts or offenses by a young person, esp. one below the age at which ordinary criminal prosecution is possible.

由年轻人，尤指低于普通刑事诉讼年龄的人所犯下的犯罪行为或罪行。

Juvenile Delinquency Proceedings，少年犯诉讼程序

proceedings in the family division of the circuit court regarding a minor under age 17 who has committed an offense that would be a crime if committed by an adult,including a misdemeanor traffic offense; deserted his or her home;been absent from school;repeatedly violated school rules; or, disobeyed the reasonable and lawful commands of his or her parents.

巡回法院家庭部关于17岁以下未成年人的诉讼，该未成年人犯下了如果由成年人犯下将构成犯罪的罪行，包括交通轻罪;擅离职守，旷课，多次违反校规;不服从父母合理合法命令者。

majority opinion， 判决书

a written decision announcing the court's ruling in a case on appeal.The majority opinion explains the reasoning following by a majority of the judges who heard the case,and is binding on the lower courts infuture cases. See also "concurring opinion". "dissenting opinion".

参考双语例句：

Section II, title X, article 328 of the Family Code states: “When the health, safety, morality or education of a minor are jeopardized or insufficiently protected owing to the immoral behaviour or disability of the father and mother or of the person accorded the right of guardianship, or when, owing to misconduct or unruly behaviour, a minor gives these individuals cause for very serious dissatisfaction or renders them incapable of exercising guidance, the juvenile judge may on his own initiative, at the behest of the public prosecutor or at the behest of the father, mother or guardian, rule that the minor shall, for a period not to extend beyond the date of his coming of age, be visited regularly by a social worker or placed on probation.

《家庭法典》第二部分X标题第328条规定：“当一个未成年人的健康、安全、精神或教育，由于父母或监护人的不道德或无能，遭到破坏或者未得到足够保护时，或由于未成年人的不端行为或不守纪律，使父母或监护人极为不满或者使他们无法履行指导职责时，少年事务法官按规定，或在公共部长的要求下、或者在父母或监护人的要求下，可以决定让该未成年人在一定时期内(这个时间不可以超过其成年的时间)，接受社会助理的定期到访，或者接受监视自由制度的管理”。

An employer may not to employ a minor or require a minor to work if the work is beyond the minor’s physical or psychological capacity, is likely to harm the moral development of the minor, involves the risk of accidents, is likely to harm the minor’s social development or to jeopardize his or her education, or involves health hazards to the minor.

雇主不得雇用未成年人或要求未成年人工作，如果工作超出了未成年人的体力或心理承受能力，有可能损害未成年人的道德发展，有事故风险，可能损害未成年人的社会发展或危及其教育，或者有损害未成年人的健康危害。

It is important to note, however, that separate strategies and policies in accordance with international standards, in particular the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Administration of Juvenile Justice (Beijing Rules), the United Nations Guidelines for the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency (the Riyadh Guidelines), the United Nations Rules for the Protection of Juveniles Deprived of their Liberty and the Guidelines for Action on Children in the Criminal Justice System, need to be designed for the treatment and rehabilitation of this category of prisoners, while institutionalization shall be avoided to the maximum possible extent.

然而，需要指出的非常重要的一点是，需要按照相应的国际标准，尤其是《联合国少年司法最低限度标准规则》(北京规则)、《联合国预防少年犯罪准则》(利雅得准则)、《联合国保护被剥夺自由的少年规则》以及《刑事司法系统中儿童问题行动指南》，设计有关这一类别囚犯待遇和重新融入社会的单独战略和政策，同时应在可能的最大限度内避免实行关押。