Day 70 instrument在法律英语中的含义及用法

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instrument n.

①文契

②票据

instrument常译为“票据”，尤见于 negotiable instrument这一短语之中，表示“可流通票据”。有时也译为“文契”，指用以记载某项行为的书面文件。

例 Amendments to this Contract may be made only by a written instrument signed by a duly authorized representative of each of the Parties and, unless prior approval from the Examination and Approval Authority/the appropriate government department is statutorily required» such

amendments shall become effective upon the signing by the duly authorized representatives of both Parties.

【参考译文】对本合同的修改，只能通过各方的正式授权代表签署书面协议进行。除法律要求须经审批机构／政府有关部门事先批准外，该等修改经双方授权代表签字后立即生效。

例 The main points of discussion during the review of the Convention were the following: the form of the instrument which would incorporate the new provisions; the definition of the notion of “military necessity” with regard to cultural property under general as well as special protection; improvements in the regime of special protection; sanctions for grave breaches and other violations against cultural property and other related issues such as individual criminal responsibility, responsibility of States and mutual assistance in criminal matters; improvement in the protection of cultural property in conflicts not of an international character; and establishment of a supervisory body which would monitor the implementation of the Convention and the new agreement.

【参考译文】《公约》审查期间进行的讨论要点如下：将纳入新条款的文书形式；对受一般保护和特别保护的文化财产而言“军事需要”概念的定义；改进特别保护制度；对严重违法行为和破坏文化财产行为的制裁以及其他相关问题，如个人的刑事责任、国家责任和刑事事项中的互助；改进非国际性冲突中对文化财产的保护；以及建立监测《公约》及新协定执行情况的监督机构。

例 “Financial lease right” means a lessor’s right in tangible asset (other than a negotiable instrument or negotiable document) that is the object of a lease agreement under which, at the end of the lease: (a) the lessee automatically becomes the owner of the asset that is the object of the lease; (b) the lessee acquire ownership of the asset by paying no more than a nominal price; or (c) the asset has no more than residual value.

【参考译文】“融资租赁权”系指出租人对租赁协议标的物有形资产（非流通票据或流通单证）享有的权利，根据租赁协议，在租赁期结束时：(a) 承租人自动成为租赁标的物资产的所有人；(b)承租人最多只需支付象征性价款即可取得该资产的所有权；或(c)该资产值最多不超过残余价值。