Authorization、power、right在法律英语中的用法和区别

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先看一个句子,Party A represents that it has the authority, authorization, power and right to execute this Agreement.译文为:甲方就拥有签署本协议的权威、授权、权力和权利。该句中同时出现了Authorization、power、right三个词,分被翻译为了“授权、权利、权利”,以下介绍这三个词的具体用法和区别:


Authorization指授权,相较于power和right,比较好区分,指的就是 official permission or power to do sth; the act of giving permission“批准;授权”。如:obtain authorization获得授权/批准,You may not enter the security area without authorization. 未经批准不得进入警戒地区


Power指权力,Right指权利,关于权利和权力的区别:

a.行使主体不同。权利的行使是一般主体,而权力主要是国家机关及其工作人员。

b.处分方式不同。权利一般可以放弃和转让,而权力必须依法行使,不得放弃和转让。

c.推定规则不同。权利的推定规则为“法无明文禁止及可为。”而权力只以明文规定为限,否则为越权。

d.社会功能不同。权利一般体现私人利益,权力一般体现公共利益。


参考法律法规:

《中华人民共和国民法典》第一百零九条:

自然人的人身自由、人格尊严受法律保护。

《中华人民共和国民法典》第一百一十条:

自然人享有生命权、身体权、健康权、姓名权、肖像权、名誉权、荣誉权、隐私权、婚姻自主权等权利。法人、非法人组织享有名称权、名誉权和荣誉权。


参考双语例句:

In particular, UN/CEFACT Recommendation 35, in its Annex II, featured “Checklist Guidelines” listing and discussing the following legal elements: legal basis for implementing a Single Window facility; single window facility structure and organization; data protection; authority to access and share data between government agencies; identification, authentication, and authorization; data quality; liability issues; arbitration and dispute resolution; electronic documents; electronic archiving; intellectual property rights and database ownership; and competition.

尤其是电子商务中心第35号建议在附件二中给出“准则清单”,列出并讨论了下列法律要素:实施单一窗口设施的法律依据;单一窗口设施的结构和组织;数据保护;访问数据和政府机构间共享数据的权限;身份识别、认证和授权;数据质量;赔偿责任问题;仲裁和争议解决;电子单证;电子存档;知识产权和数据库所有权;以及竞争。

The Board may from time to time and at any time, by power of attorney under the seal, appoint any company, firm or person or any fluctuating body of persons, whether nominated directly or indirectly by the Board, to be the attorney or attorneys of the Company for such purposes and with such powers, authorities and discretions (not exceeding those vested in or exercisable by the Board under these Articles) and for such period and subject to such conditions as it may think fit, and any such power of attorney may contain such provisions for the protection and convenience of persons dealing with any such attorney as the Board may think fit, and may also authorise any such attorney to sub-delegate all or any of the powers, authorities and discretions vested in him.

董事会可不时并于任何时间,藉授权书委任任何经其直接或间接提名的公司商号个人或人数不等之团体,作为本公司的一名或多于一名受权人,而委任的目的,所授予的权力权限及酌情 决定权(以不超过根据本章程细则归于董事或可由董事行使者为限),以及委任的期限和规限的条件,均须按董事会认为合适者而定;任何此等授权书,均可载有董事认为适合用以保障及方便与任何此等受权人进行交易的人,以及可授权任何此等受权人将归于他的所有或任何权力权限及酌情决定权转授他人。

Economic, social and cultural rights and fundamental freedoms introduced or strengthened under the new Constitution include, inter alia: the right to adequate, nutritious food and clean water; the right to adequate housing; the right to a good standard of health; adequate access to sewerage and electricity; the right to marriage and family; the right to education; the right to work; the right to strike; the right to enjoy a pension; the right to take part in cultural life; and the right to enjoy property.

新《宪法》引进或加强了经济、社会和文化权利和基本自由。除其他外,这特别包括:获得足够营养丰富的食物和清洁水的权利;适足住房权;获得良好卫生标准的权利;充足使用排污系统和电力的权利;结婚和家庭权利;受教育的权利;工作权;罢工权;享有退休金的权利;参加文化生活的权利;以及拥有财产的权利。

发布于 2022-03-30 16:17:42
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