翻译中表达改变的词汇较多，经常用的为“change”，以下介绍几种有“改变；转变”之意的英文词汇，在翻译中可根据原文语境进行词汇的选择。

Transform，表示改变，转换通常比较正式，在科技类翻译中用的比较多。To transform something into something else means to change or convert it into that thing.

Vary，强调根据某种情况而变化，有不同，呈差异。To change or be different according to the situation.

Shift，强调重点、方向、态度上的变化。To change from one state, position, etc. to another;to change your opinion of or attitude towards sth, or change the way that you do sth.

Convert，尤指改变外形、性质或功能。to change or make sth change from one form, purpose, system, etc. to another.

以下提供例句供分析和区别：

①It focused on three essential aspects of post-conflict reconstruction of governance and public administration: (a) the challenges of reconstructing the public service after conflict and the role of the public service in building social cohesion through the effective delivery of services, (b) the prospects for reconstructing government after conflict, with emphasis on decentralization for peacebuilding, and (c) how to transform the mindset of government and civil society leaders in divided societies to enable them to work effectively together to achieve development.

讨论的重点是冲突后恢复治理和公共行政的三个关键方面： (a) 冲突后重建公共服务部门中面临的挑战以及公共服务部门在通过有效地提 供服务加强社会和谐方面的作用；(b) 冲突后重建政府的前景，重点是为建设和 平实行分权治理，以及(c) 在分裂的社会中如何改变政府和民间社会领导人的心 态，以使他们能有效地为实现发展而共同努力。

②The Special Representative’s aim is to provide companies with universally applicable guiding principles for meeting their responsibility to respect human rights, recognizing that the complexity of tools and processes companies employ, will necessarily vary with circumstances.

特别代表的目的是为公司提供普遍适用的指导原则，以履行其尊重人权的责任，同 时承认公司所采用的工具和进程的复杂性将会随情况做出必要改变。

③In addition, migration, urbanization, the shift from extended to smaller, mobile families, lack of access to technology that promotes independence and other socio-economic changes can marginalize older persons from the mainstream of development, taking away their purposeful economic and social roles and weakening their traditional sources of support.

此外，迁徙、城市化、大家庭向流动型小家庭的转变、缺乏能够促进独立以及其他社会经济变革的技术，这一切都可能将老年人排挤到发展主流的边缘，使他们无法在经济社会方面发挥有意义的作用，并削弱他们传统的支助来源。

④Based on these findings, it was proposed that: (1) a major reform be undertaken of the format of the HLG meetings to convert them into smaller and higher level forums, focusing on the mobilization of political will and resources, and (2) the Working Group on EFA be transformed into an Annual Technical Review Meeting to inform the HLG and foster policy dialogue, information sharing and monitoring.

基于这些调查结果，有人建议：1)对高级别小组会议的形式进行重大改革，将其转变成更小规模和更高级别的论坛，并侧重于调动政治意愿和资源，以及2)将全民教育工作组转变为年度技术审查会议，为高级别小组提供信息，并促成政策对话、信息共享和监测。