什么是权益性证券

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权益性证券 Equity securities

权益性证券是指代表发行企业所有者权益的证券,如股份有限公司发行的普通股股票。权益性证券是一种基本的金融工具,是企业筹集资金的主要来源。投资者持有某企业的权益性证券代表在该企业中享有所有者权益,普通股和优先股就是常见的权益性证券。

Equity securities are financial assets that represent shares of ownership. The most prevalent type of equity security is the common stock. And the characteristic that most defines an equity security—differentiating it from most other types of securities—is ownership. If you own an equity security, your shares represent part ownership of the issuing company. In other words, you expect to gain from what could hopefully be an increase of the issuing company’s earnings and assets. If you own 1% of the total shares, or security stocks, issued by a company, your part ownership of the controlling company is equivalent to 1%. 以下为相关例句,供参考:

例句1

Equity securities represent ownership claims on a company’s net assets. As an asset class, equity plays a fundamental role in investment analysis and portfolio management because it represents a significant portion of many individual and institutional investment portfolios.

权益性证券代表对公司净资产的所有权要求。作为一种资产类别,股权在投资分析和投资组合管理中发挥着重要作用,因为它代表了许多个人和机构投资组合的重要部分。

例句2

The study of equity securities is important for many reasons. First, the decision on how much of a client’s portfolio to allocate to equities affects the risk and return characteristics of the entire portfolio. Second, different types of equity securities have different ownership claims on a company’s net assets, which affect their risk and return characteristics in different ways. Finally, variations in the features of equity securities are reflected in their market prices, so it is important to understand the valuation implications of these features.

由于许多原因,对权益性证券的研究是重要的。首先,决定将客户投资组合的多少配置到股权上会影响整个投资组合的风险和回报特征。第二,不同类型的权益性证券对一个公司的净资产有不同的所有权要求,其以不同的方式影响其风险和收益特征。最后,权益性证券特征的变化反映在它们的市场价格中,因此理解这些特征的估值含义是很重要的。

例句3

An equity security represents ownership interest held by shareholders in an entity (a company, partnership, or trust), realized in the form of shares of capital stock, which includes shares of both common and preferred stock.

权益性证券代表股东在实体(公司、合伙企业或信托)中持有的所有权利益,以股本股份的形式实现,包括普通股和优先股。

例句4

Equity securities do entitle the holder to some control of the company on a pro rata basis, via voting rights. In the case of bankruptcy, they share only in residual interest after all obligations have been paid out to creditors. They are sometimes offered as payment-in-kind.

权益性证券确实赋予持有人通过投票权按比例控制公司的权利。在破产的情况下,他们只能分享所有债务偿还给债权人后的剩余利息。它们有时以实物支付的形式提供。


相关知识拓展:

证券法规范的有价证券分两大类:

1.权益性证券(Equity securities):持有此类证券,就代表您拥有证券标的物的财产所有权。例如您买进招商银股票,就代表您持有招商银全部财产的一部持分权益。又如您持有某基金,就代表您持有该基金全部财产的一部持分权益。这里说的是持分权益,就是跟其他股东或基金受益人,分别共有(简非公同共有)该股份有限公司或该基金的全部财产。

2.债务性证券(Debt securities):持有此类证券,就代表您拥有对证券发行人的债权。发行人是您的债务人。例如您买进国债,就代表您拥有对国家的债权。如果您买进某银行发行的定存单,也代表您拥有对该银行的债务求偿权。

所谓股票属于权益性证券,而债券(不包括可转换为股票的公司债)、期货、期权以及互换合约则属于债务性证券。

权益性证券发行费用扣除办法:

权益性证券发行手续费不得税前扣除

财政部通知明确,企业为发行权益性证券支付给有关证券承销机构的手续费及佣金不得在税前扣除。

根据财政部有关规定,企业发生与生产经营有关的手续费及佣金支出,不超过限额以内的部分,准予税前扣除;超过部分,不得扣除。

其中,财产保险企业按当年全部保费收入扣除退保金等后余额的15%计算限额;人身保险企业按当年全部保费收入扣除退保金等后余额的10%计算限额。其他企业按与具有合法经营资格中介服务机构或个人所签订服务协议或合同确认的收入金额的5%计算限额。

财政部要求,企业应与具有合法经营资格中介服务企业或个人签订代办协议或合同,并按国家有关规定支付手续费及佣金。除委托个人代理外,企业以现金等非转账方式支付的手续费及佣金不得在税前扣除。

财政部还明确,企业不得将手续费及佣金支出计入回扣、业务提成、返利、进场费等费用。企业已计入固定资产、无形资产等相关资产的手续费及佣金支出,应当通过折旧、摊销等方式分期扣除,不得在发生当期直接扣除。企业支付的手续费及佣金不得直接冲减服务协议或合同金额,并如实入账。

发布于 2022-10-30 18:27:50
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