法律术语辨析之Actual Performance和 Special Performance

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Actual Performance和 Special Performance 两者均与债或义务的履行相关。 performance一词在此处指的是“履行”。


Actual Performance为“实际履行”,为债的履行原则之一,指债的双方当事人应当按债所规 定的标的履行,不能由其他标的代替履行,也不可折合成金钱代偿。

Special Performance (也称为Specific Relief) 主要用于合同事项,指由法院签发命令,强制某人按其允诺履行某合同义务,因其极具强制性,故为“强制履行”。

Special Performance :A court-ordered remedy that requires precise fulfillment of a legal or contractual obligation when monetary damages are inappropriate or inadequate, as when the sale of real estate or a rare article is involved.


参考双语例句:

Furthermore, the Commission is empowered to investigate complaints about the judiciary and to take disciplinary action against them, including recommendations for dismissal; to make rules regarding schemes for recruitment and procedures for the appointment of judges; to establish ethical standards for judges; to provide for such matters as are necessary or expedient for the exercise, performance and discharge of the duties and responsibilities of the Commission; and to advise the President and the People’s Majlis in any matter regarding the administration of the courts.

此外,该委员会有权调查对司法部门的投诉,并对它们采取纪律行动,其中包括建议解职;制定法官招聘机制和任命程序规则;为法官制定道德标准;为委 员会行使、履行及完 成任务和职责所必须或合适事项作出规定;以及就任何有关 法庭管理事项,向总统和人民议会提出建议。

The attention of the Commission is also drawn to paragraph 4 of the annex to Council resolution 1982/50, in which the Secretary-General recommended that: (a) the documentation and programme of work of the subsidiary bodies of the Council and the Assembly be streamlined in order to enable the subsidiary bodies to perform effectively the functions entrusted to them; (b) the Council and the Assembly continue to review the provisional agendas for their subsidiary bodies, together with the list of requested documentation, in order, inter alia, to establish greater consistency in the overall request for documentation and its orderly consideration at the intergovernmental level, taking fully into account the mediumterm plan and the programme budget; and (c) in doing so, the Council and the Assembly also take into account the need for the consolidation of items and documentation for their subsidiary machinery.

还提请委员会注意理事会第1982/50 号附件第4段,其中秘书长建议:(a) 理 事会和大会各附属机构的文件和工作方案应加以精简,以便它们能够切实有效地 履行交付 给它们的任务;(b) 理事会和大会应在充分考虑到中期计划和方案预算 的情况下,继续审查其附属机构的临时议程和所要求文件的清单,以便除其他外,使所要求的文件在总体上更为一致,并使政府间一级的文件审议工作能够有条理 地进行,同时充分考虑到中期计划和方案预算;(c) 理事会和大会也考虑到有必 要合并其附属机构的项目和文件。 

发布于 2023-04-28 17:45:01
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