什么是代位求偿权,英文如何表达?

什么是代位求偿权,英文如何表达?

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代位求偿权一般指代位追偿权。代位追偿权是保险基本原则之一。保险人代理被保险人向第三者行使请求赔偿权利。因第三者对保险标的损害而造成保险事故的,保险人自向被保险人赔偿之日起,在赔偿金额范围内,取得代位行使被保险人对第三者请求赔偿的权利。保险人的代位求偿金额以其保险赔款金额为限,如从第三者处获得的金额超过其赔偿额,应偿还给被保险人。其对应的英文表达为Right of subrogation。

 

Subrogation在这里指的就是代位,元照英美法词典中对其的解释如下:

代位指由一人取代另一人的地位而对第三人依法请求给付或主张权利、要求补救或担保等。在债权债务关系中,若某人代为偿付债务,则其取代债权人的地位,可以对债务人行使债权人的一切权利,与其未代为偿付时原债权人对债务人的权利相同。代位通常发生于建筑合同、保险合同、保证以及流通票据法中。保险中的代位,如某人已投保的船舶因他人过错而致撞毁,则其可从保险人处取得保险金而恢复船舶价值,从而由保险人代位行使船舶所有权人的权利,以向造成船舶毁损者提起诉讼。代位是衡平法上的一种制度设计,以使债或义务能最终清偿,而又使偿付债务者不致显失公平。代位分为两种,即协商代位(或称合同代位)〔conventional subrogation〕与法定代位〔legal subrogation〕,前者是通过债权人与第三人的行为而明示的代位,后者则是由于法律实施而产生的代位或默示的代位,例如保证人的代位。

 

在此补充一下其英文释义,供题主加深理解;

Subrogation is a term describing a right held by most insurance carriers to legally pursue a third party that caused an insurance loss to the insured. This is done in order to recover the amount of the claim paid by the insurance carrier to the insured for the loss.

 

代位求偿权相关的规定一般出现在协议中的赔偿条款中,以下为双语示例:

In addition to the foregoing each of the Indemnified Parties shall be indemnified against any tax liability (including interest and penalties thereon) in respect of tax on any profits allocated to any Limited Partner, such indemnity to be satisfied in the first instance by the Limited Partner concerned but if not so satisfied then where the relevant Indemnified Party is entitled to be indemnified by a Limited Partner pursuant to this clause 15.2(b), it shall be entitled to be indemnified out of the Partnership Assets and as pursuant to clause 15.3 in which event the Partnership shall be subrogated to the rights of the Indemnified Party against such Limited Partner hereunder.

除前述规定外,各受偿方应就向任何有限合伙人分派的利润征收的税款而承担的任何纳税义务(包括其利息和罚金)获得赔偿。该等赔偿应先由相关有限合伙人予以履行,但若未予以履行且相关受偿方根据本第15.2(b)条的规定有权从合伙资产中获得赔偿的,相关受偿方应有权根据第15.3条的规定从合伙企业资产中获得赔偿,在此情况下,合伙企业可代受偿方行使向本协议项下的该有限合伙人请求赔偿的权利。

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