请问什么是“单行合并”?有无英文表达?

请问什么是“单行合并”?有无英文表达?

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“单行合并”是“完全合并”的对称。“单行合并”的英文表达为one-line consolidation

 

在权益法下,长期股权投资以单独项目列示在投资企业的资产负债表上,而不是以被投资企业的净资产列示;投资收益也被单列一行列示在投资企业的损益表中,而不以被投资企业的收入和费用项目取代。

 

单行合并也有例外。美国公认会计原则规定,当被投资企业有非常项目、会计变更的累积影响、中止营业的影响和前期损益调整时,投资公司应按正常损益确认投资收益(亏损),而上述4个项目应予以单立。例如,某甲公司持有乙公司40%的股份,当年乙公司的净利润100000元,其中10000元为非常损失,这样甲公司确认的投资收益为44000元(110000元正常利润×40%),另外再确认非常损失4000元,合计仍为40000元,但却由44000元投资收益和4000元非常损失构成。因此,在这种情况下,投资企业在被投资企业的收益表现为两个项目,在利润表上列为两项,这种处理的目的是使投资企业的利润表具有可比性。

 

英文中关于one-line consolation的解释如下:

 

For tax purposes, dividends are the only revenue realized from the investee. Consequently, the investor must recognize deferred income tax expense on the investee’s undistributed earnings that will be taxed in the future. As investments in common stock accounted for under the equity method are generally shown in the balance sheet of the investor as a single amount, this is often referred to as a one-line consolidation. 

 

示例如下:

在被投资方发生亏损的情况下,投资者需要对投资采用权益法,直到亏损将投资减少到零为止,其中除非投资者承诺进一步支持被投资方,否则不会确认额外的亏损。如果被投资方后来报告了净收入,投资方应在该净收入的份额等于权益法暂停期间未确认的净损失额后,再次开始使用权益法。

 

顺带提一下“单一合并”的对称“完全合并”。

 

“完全合并”即编制合并会计报表,将母公司与子公司的会计报表项目分别予以合并,并抵消母公司投资收益与子公司利润分配项目,并抵消内部交易的方法。在完全合并下,在合并资产负债表上,母公司的长期股权投资账户不是列示的一个项目,而是被子公司的全部各资产和负债项目所取代;在合并利润表中,母公司的投资收益账户也不是列示为一个项目,而是被子公司的全部各项收入和费用所取代。若为非全资子公司,在合并利润表中相应地确认少数股东权益。

 

“完全合并”的英文表达为full consolidation。

 

其英文释义如下:

 

Full Consolidation consists in transferring all the Subsidiary's Assets, Liabilities and Equity to the Parent company's Balance sheet and all the Revenues and Expenses to the Parent company's Income statement. The accounts of a Subsidiary are fully consolidated if it is controlled by its parent. Control is presumed to exist when the Parent company: holds, directly or indirectly, over 50% of the voting rights in its Subsidiary; holds, directly or indirectly less than 50% of the voting rights but has power over more than 50% of the voting rights by virtue of an agreement with other Investors; has power to govern the financial and operating policies of the Subsidiary under a statute or an agreement; has power to cast majority of votes at meetings of the Board of Directors, or; has power to appoint or remove the majority of the members of the bwork all the cash available, by acquiring securities.

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