有些文件的句子很长,比如法律条款,一句话就会分割为若干个短句,对于指代不明的内容怎么破?

有些文件的句子很长,比如法律条款,一句话就会分割为若干个短句,对于指代不明的内容怎么破?

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下面以California Code, Corporations Code - CORP § 601第(c)款为例进行分析:

 

Upon request in writing to the corporation addressed to the attention of the chairperson of the board, president, vice president or secretary by any person (other than the board) entitled to call a special meeting of shareholders, the officer forthwith shall cause notice to be given to the shareholders entitled to vote that a meeting will be held at a time requested by the person or persons calling the meeting, not less than 35 or more than 60 days after receipt of the request. If the notice is not given within 20 days after receipt of the request, the persons entitled to call the meeting may give the notice or the superior court of the proper county shall summarily order the giving of the notice, after notice to the corporation giving it an opportunity to be heard. The procedure provided in subdivision (c) of Section 305 shall apply to that application. The court may issue orders as may be appropriate, including, without limitation, orders designating the time and place of the meeting, the record date for determination of shareholders entitled to vote and the form of notice.

 

本人在审校的过程中发现译文将第一句中的“not less than 35 or more than 60 days after receipt of the request”译为“上述通知应当在收到要求后不少于35天但不得超过60天内发送”,由于上文确实有关向有权表决的股东发送通知,所以暂时默认译文正确。但是,紧接着下一句提到“If the notice is not given within 20 days after receipt of the request, the persons entitled to call the meeting may give the notice...”,意思是如果未在收到要求后的20天内发出通知可由会议召集人发出。上下两句连着看就会发现前后矛盾,由此可以判断第一句中的期限并非针对发送通知,那么这个期限到底跟谁有关?紧挨着期限的前半句有提及“a meeting will be held at a time requested by the person or persons calling the meeting”,这部分其实就是通知涉及的内容,告知股东会议将在会议召集人要求的时间召开,而后面的期限正是对会议召开的时间的限制,也就是会议应当在收到要求后不少于35天但不得超过60天内召开。因此,第(c)款可翻译如下:

 

在有权召集特别股东大会的任何人士(除董事会以外)向公司提出书面要求(以董事会主席、总裁、副总裁或者秘书为收件人)后,管理人员应当立即促使向享有表决权的股东发送通知,告知将在召集会议的人士要求的时间召开会议,会议应当在收到要求后不少于35天但不得超过60天内召开。如果开会通知未在收到要求后的20天内发出的,该等有权召集会议的人士可发送通知,或者相关郡县的高等法院应当在向公司发送通知给予其陈词机会后立即命令发送通知。第305条第(c)款中规定的程序应当适用于该申请。法院可作出适当的命令,包括但不限于指定会议时间和地点、认定享有表决权股东的登记日以及通知形式。

 

基于上述案例发现,如果无法确定某一句子中各个部分的指代(一般是因为有逗号隔开),其中一种办法就是联系上下文看逻辑上是否通顺。切记千万不要想当然,你以为你以为的未必是对的。

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