合同专用词汇之——WHEREAS

今天,是余生的第一天。
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为方便大家了解英语合同中的基本用词习惯,这里把英语合同专用词汇,也就是合同术语单独拿出来讲解。


首先我们从whereas开始。Whereas一般用于英语合同前言部分的“鉴于条款”, 鉴于条款一般属于前言的第二部分,该部分由 WITNESSETH 小标题和数个以WHEREAS引导的句子组合以及由“NOW THESE PRESENTS WITNESS that” 引导的句子构成。在大多数情况下,WITNESSETH 小标题经常省略,直接进入Whereas条款内容部分。


Whereas本义是“when in fact”、“considering that”,或者“that being the case”,用以表明当事人是基于对这些事实(例如订约目的、背景、缘由等)的共同认识的基础上,订立此合同。

         

首先,我们以从一份实际的《独家认购期权协议》中摘录的“鉴于条款”为例,来了解一下Whereas的用法。


例1. 

Whereas,


1. Party A is a wholly foreign-owned enterprise incorporated and existing under the laws of the PRC;


2. Party D is a limited liability company incorporated and existing in the PRC;


3. Party B and Party C, for the benefit of the business and commercial operation of Party A, together own the entire registered capital of Party D (the "Equity");


4. For the benefit of the development of Party D, Party B and Party C entered into 1oan agreements with Party A respectively in February 15, 2016, according to which, Party B and Party C borrowed RMB1 million from Party A for purchasing 100% equity interest of Party D (the "Loan"). Party B borrowed RMB 500,000 and use this amount as the consideration to obtain 50% equity interest of the Company.

5. Party A desires the exclusive option to purchase the Equity from Party B and Party C, while Party B and Party C (collectively, the ""Grantors") agree to grant Party A an exclusive call option to purchase the Equity.        


参考译文:

鉴于,


1. 甲方是根据中国法律注册成立并存在的外商独资企业;


2. 乙方是在中国成立并存在的有限责任公司;


3. 乙方和丙方为了甲方的业务和商业经营,共同拥有乙方的全部注册资本(“股权”);


4. 为促进乙方发展,乙方和丙方分别于2016年2月15日与甲方签订了1Oan协议,据此,乙方和丙方向甲方借入100万元购买100% 乙方的股权(“贷款”)。 乙方借入人民币500,000元,以该对价取得本公司50%的股权。


5. 甲方希望从乙方和丙方购买股权的专有选择权,而乙方和丙方(统称为“授予人”)同意授予甲方购买该股权的专有认购权。  

  

在该《独家认购期权协议》的鉴于条款部分,明确阐明了协议相关方的背景信息,列出了协议各方的公司性质、财产状况和各方之间的相关权益。这些看似简单的信息,实际上是协议成立的必要条件,只有先列清楚这些信息,后边的权利义务关系才好明确建立起来。


例2. 

WHEREAS, this Agreement is supplemental to an agreement dated 5 December 2009 between the parties (the Principal Agreement) under which the Purchaser agreed to buy certain assets of the Vendor for an aggregate sum of $3 million.


参考译文:

鉴于本合同系为补充双方当事人此前于2009年12月5日业已缔结之合同(以下简称“主合同”),主合同中买方同意从卖方购买总价值300万美元的资产。


例2中的鉴于条款,很明显起到的是介绍该合同设立的背景和目的的作用。


例3:

Whereas Party A and Party B, adhering to the principle of equality and mutual benefit and through friendly consultation, agree to jointly invest to establish a new joint venture company in China (hereinafter referred as “Joint Venture”). The Contract hereunder is made and concluded.

参考译文:

鉴于甲方与乙方按照平等互利的原则,经过友好协商,决定共同投资在中国建立合资经营公司(以下称“合资企业”),为此达成如下合同。


从例3中我们发现,whereas不仅可以单独大写放在句首,以逗号隔开,引导一个个的从句,还可以直接与句子连用,此时不必每个字母都大写。

                                                                                                                                                                     

发布于 2020-06-10 12:00:57
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