Sleeping partner和silent partner分别指的是什么?

Sleeping partner和silent partner分别指的是什么?

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两者指的都是企业(firm)中的合伙人,但各自强调的重心并不一样,因此两者并不能译为同一术语。Sleeping partner(a business partner who doesn't play an active role in running the day-to-day operations of a business, who instead, finances the business in the form of capital investment-from Wiktionary),强调的是合伙人将与企业的关系对公众隐瞒,为公众所不知(a partner whose connection with the firm is concealed from the public)。故sleeping partner为“秘密合伙人”,也可称之为“secret partner”。


而silent partner (A silent partner is an individual whose involvement in a partnership is limited to providing capital to the business. A silent partner is seldom involved in the partnership's daily operations and does not generally participate in management meetings.-from Investopedia)则主要是指仅出资分享利益而不参与积极经营管理的合伙人。至于其与企业的关系,虽然常常为公众所不知,但这也是不一定的,且合伙人并未隐瞒其余企业的关系(a partner who shares in the profits but who has no active voice in management of the firm and whose existence is often not publicly disclosed)。因此,这一术语一般译为“隐名合伙人”,也称为“dormant partner”。


以下为相关示例:

The partnership jurisprudence concerning the issues of civil subjective status, assets, liability assumption, form of partnership, sleeping partner and limited partner is more worth researching.

在立法方面,合伙的定义与形式、法人合伙、民事主体地位、责任承担、秘密合伙合伙与有限合伙等问题有待完善。


Deutsche Bank still retained its shares, but limited its role to that of a silent partner.

德意志银行仍持有其原先股份,但只是一个隐名合伙人。


参考文献:宋雷《法律术语翻译要略》

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