superadded liability是“追加责任”，也称双重责任〔double liability〕,一度由宪法或制定法的条文加于银行或其他商业公司股东身上的一种个人责任，即股东对公司债务承担超过其所持股票价值以外的责任。目前，在美国各法域内，上述宪法或制定法条文或已被废除或明确规定公司股东不承担该个人责任，除非其所持股票中有尚未缴付股金的。

英文释义如下：

A personal liability, otherwise known as double liability, once imposed quite generally in this country by constitutional or statutory provisions upon stockholders in banks or business corporations, such being a liability of a stockholder for debts or obligations of the banking or other corporation to the extent of the par value of the stock held by him. 10 Am J2d Banks § 73; 19 Am J2d Corp § 778. At the present time, in practically all American jurisdictions, constitutional and statutory provisions imposing such liability for the general debts incurred by corporations, including banking corporations, either have been abolished or a constitutional or statutory provision declares that stockholders shall not be individually liable as such otherwise than for the unpaid shares owned by them. 19 Am J2d Corp § 775.