隐私权法 privacy laws

指保护个人私生活权利〔person's right to be left alone〕或者限制公众获悉报税单〔tax returns〕和医疗档案等个人信息的联邦法或(和)州法。美国联邦的《隐私权法》〔Privacy Act〕对行政机关搜集利用和传播个人信息作出了明确规定，该词亦称privacy act(s)。 

Privacy law is the body of law that deals with the regulating, storing, and using of personally identifiable information, personal healthcare information, and financial information of individuals, which can be collected by governments, public or private organisations, or other individuals. It also applies in the commercial sector to things like trade secrets and the liability that directors, officers, and employees have when handing sensitive information. Privacy laws are considered within the context of an individual's privacy rights or within reasonable expectation of privacy. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights states that everyone has the right to privacy. The interpretation of these rights varies by country and are not always universal. 相关例句如下：

例句1

The current state of privacy law in Australia includes Federal and state information privacy legislation, some sector-specific privacy legislation at state level, regulation of the media and some criminal sanctions. The current position concerning civil causes of action for invasion of privacy is unclear: some courts have indicated that a tort of invasion of privacy may exist in Australia.

澳大利亚隐私权法的现状包括联邦和州信息隐私立法、州一级一些特定部门的隐私立法、媒体监管和一些刑事制裁。目前关于侵犯隐私的民事诉讼原因的立场尚不明确：一些法院已经指出，澳大利亚可能存在侵犯隐私的侵权行为。

例句2

Even though there is legislation enforced in the Bahamas through the Data Protection Act 2003, the act lacks many enforcements since a data protection officer doesn't need to be in office nor does any group or organization need to notify the Office of Data Protection when a hacker has breached privacy law. Also, there are no requirements for registering databases or restricting data flow across national borders. Therefore, the legislation does not meet European Union standards, which was the goal of creating the law in the first place.

尽管巴哈马通过2003年《数据保护法》实施了立法，但该法缺乏许多执行力度，因为数据保护官员不需要在职，当黑客违反隐私权法时，任何团体或组织也不需要通知数据保护办公室。此外，也没有注册数据库或限制数据跨国流动的要求。因此，这项立法不符合欧洲联盟的标准，而这正是制定这项法律的首要目标。

例句3

Other Privacy laws that have been adopted by this country are those that are meant to protect the collected information, cookies and other privacy-related matter of tourist. This is in regards to (but not limited to) information collected during bookings, the use of one technology of another that belongs to said company or through the use of a service of the company, or when making payments.

这个国家通过的其他隐私权法是那些旨在保护游客收集的信息、cookies和其他与隐私有关的事项的法律。这涉及（但不限于）在预订、使用属于所述公司的一种技术或通过使用该公司的服务或付款时收集的信息。

例句4

But in this very same constitution, it is expressed that it is possible "to the extent that it is necessary" for a law to be passed that limits or impacts the execution of the right to privacy law. Another privacy related law can be seen in section 54 of the Telecommunications Promulgation passed in 2008, which states that “any service provider supplying telecommunications to consumers must keep information about consumers confidential”.

但是，在同一部宪法中，明确表示有可能“在必要的范围内”通过一部限制或影响隐私权法执行的法律。另一项与隐私相关的法律可见于2008年通过的《电信法案》第54条，其中规定“任何向消费者提供电信服务的服务提供商必须对消费者的信息保密”。

相关知识拓展：

侵犯隐私（权） invasion of privacy

指不正当地利用他人人格或侵扰他人私人活动，在侵权法、有时在宪法上具有可诉性。侵权法中，侵犯隐私权的活动有四种类型：1.为个人利益而盗用他人姓名或使用与之相似的姓名；2.故意侵扰他人住宅安宁或私人事务；3.公开披露他人的私人信息，尤其与某人公开性格相左的信息；4.利用媒介使公众对某人形成误解。与普通人相比，公众人物的隐私权保护受到较多限制。