抵补套利
汇率变动也会给套利者带来风险。为了避免这种风险,套利者按即期汇率把利息率较低的通货兑换成利息率较高的通货存在利息率较高国家的银行或购买该国债券的同时,还要按远期汇率把利息率高的通货兑换成利息率较低的通货,这就是抵补套利。
套利活动的前提条件是:套利成本或高利率货币的贴水率必须低于两国货币的利率差。否则交易无利可图。
抵补套利的英文为“covered interest arbitrage”,其英文释义如下:
Covered interest arbitrage is an arbitrage trading strategy whereby an investor capitalizes on the interest rate differential between two countries by using a forward contract to cover (eliminate exposure to) exchange rate risk.[1] Using forward contracts enables arbitrageurs such as individual investors or banks to make use of the forward premium (or discount) to earn a riskless profit from discrepancies between two countries' interest rates.
抵补套利的平价公式(利率平价定理)为:
即期汇率:1外币=s本币,远期汇率:1外币=f本币
本国利率Rh,外国利率Rf
Rh-Rf=(f-s)/s
非抵补套利
又称不抵补套利,指把资金从利率低的货币转向利率高的货币,从而谋取利率的差额收入。这种交易不必同时进行反方向交易轧平头寸,但这种交易要承担高利率货币贬值的风险。
在非抵补套利交易中,资本流动的方向主要是由非抵补利差决定的。设英国利息率为Iuk,美国的利息率为Ius,非抵补利差UD,则有:
UD=Iuk—Ius
如果luk>lus,UD>0,资本由美国流向英国,美国人要把美元兑换成英镑存在英国或购买英国债券以获得更多利息。非抵补套利的利润的大小,是由两种利息率之差的大小和即期汇率波动情况共同决定的。在即期汇率不变的情况下,两国利息率之差越大套利者的利润越大。在两国利息率之差不变的情况下,利息率高的通货升值,套利者的利润越大;利息率高的通货贬值,套利者的利润减少,甚至为零或者为负。
非抵补套利的英文为“uncovered interest arbitrage”,其英文释义如下:
Uncovered interest arbitrage is a form of arbitrage that involves switching from a domestic currency that carries a lower interest rate to a foreign currency that offers a higher rate of interest on deposits.
以下为相关双语示例,供参考:
If found having committed activities of covered or uncovered interest arbitrage through sale of exchange, enterprises which have borrowed foreign commercial loans, should be dealt according to relevant provisions.
对各类企业借用的国外商业性贷款,如发现通过结汇进行抵补或非抵补套利的,要按有关规定进行处理。
