根据《元照英美法词典》的解释:
Insecurity clause表示“不安条款”,具体释义如下:
该种合同条款出现于以下情况下:1. 在借款合同中,如果债券人有理由相信债务人将要违约,当债务人突然丧失重要收入来源时,则允许债权人请求债务人立即全部返还借款余额;2. 在动产抵押中,当抵押权人认为其抵押权不能保障时,可据此条款而有权占有抵押动产;3. 在票据中的一项条款,若持票人认为其票据权利是不安全的,则有权加速票据到期,从而要求提前付款。
(Black’s Law Dictionary Ninth Edition:A loan-agreement provision that allows the creditor to demand immediate and full payment of the loan balance if the creditor has reason to believe that the debtor is about to default, as when the debtor suddenly loses a significant source of income.)
下面引申两个相关条款:
Acceleration clause表示“提前到期条款;加速到期条款”:
指如果约定的特定事件发生,例如未能支付分期付款的款项或未能及时缴付保费,则可以要求债务人在约定的到期日之前付清全部余额。该条款一般出现在贷款协议、抵押合同、本票、债券或信托契据中。另据美国《统一商法典》(U.C.C.),如果所约定的提前到期是任意的,则须在根据诚实信用原则而相信将来偿付可能会受到损害时,才可以请求提前履行。
(Black’s Law Dictionary Ninth Edition:A loan-agreement provision that requires the debtor to pay off the balance sooner than the due date if some specified event occurs, such as failure to pay an installment or to maintain insurance.)
Demand clause表示“(票据中的)支付条款”:
在出票人对分期付款的任何一期款项不能按时支付的情况下,该条款允许该持票人强制出票人全额付款。
(Black’s Law Dictionary Ninth Edition:A provision in a note allowing the holder to compel full payment if the maker fails to meet an installment.)
来源:
1. 《元照英美法词典》
2. Black’s Law Dictionary Ninth Edition
