据百度百科解释,指的是特定亲属之间根据法律的明确规定而存在的经济上相互供养、生活上相互扶助的权利义务关系。广义上来说,这包括了长辈亲属对晚辈亲属的“抚养”、平辈之间的“扶养”和晚辈亲属对长辈亲属的“赡养”。
但在《民法典》中,“扶养”取的是狭义之义,仅涉及平辈之间,比如夫妻、兄弟姐妹间;“抚养”和“赡养”独立于“扶养”,涉及的是父母与子女、祖孙之间。
《民法典》中有关“扶养”、“抚养”和“赡养”的条款见下文:
【夫妻相互扶养义务】
第一千零五十九条 夫妻有相互扶养的义务。
需要扶养的一方,在另一方不履行扶养义务时,有要求其给付扶养费的权利。
Article 1059 Both spouses have the duty to support each other.
The party in need of spousal support is entitled to claim such payments against the other party who has failed to fulfill the spousal support duty.
【兄弟姐妹间的扶养义务】
第一千零七十五条 有负担能力的兄、姐,对于父母已经死亡或者父母无力抚养的未成年弟、妹,有扶养的义务。
由兄、姐扶养长大的有负担能力的弟、妹,对于缺乏劳动能力又缺乏生活来源的兄、姐,有扶养的义务。
Article 1075 Elder bothers or sisters, if financially capable, have the duty to raise their minor siblings whose parents are deceased or are incapable of such raising.
Younger bothers or sisters who have been brought up by their elder siblings and who are financially capable have the duty to support such elder siblings who lack both the capacity to work and the means to support themselves.
【父母的抚养义务和子女的赡养义务】
第一千零六十七条 父母不履行抚养义务的,未成年子女或者不能独立生活的成年子女,有要求父母给付抚养费的权利。
成年子女不履行赡养义务的,缺乏劳动能力或者生活困难的父母,有要求成年子女给付赡养费的权利。
Article 1067 Where parents fail to fulfill their duty to raise their children, a minor child or an adult child who is incapable of supporting himself has the right to claim child support payments against his parents.
Where an adult child fails to fulfill the duty to support his parents, his parents who lack the capacity to work or in financial hardship have the right to claim support payments against the adult child.
【祖孙之间的抚养赡养义务】
第一千零七十四条 有负担能力的祖父母、外祖父母,对于父母已经死亡或者父母无力抚养的未成年孙子女、外孙子女,有抚养的义务。
有负担能力的孙子女、外孙子女,对于子女已经死亡或者子女无力赡养的祖父母、外祖父母,有赡养的义务。
Article 1074 Paternal or maternal grandparents, if financially capable, have the duty to raise their minor grandchildren whose parents are deceased or are incapable of such raising.
Paternal or maternal grandchildren, if financially capable, have the duty to raise their grandparents whose children are deceased or are incapable of such support.
