治安权 police power

1.指一个主权国家所享有的，为维持公共安全、公共秩序、公共卫生、公德和社会正义而制定所有必需和正当法律的内在和绝对权力。它是政府所必需的一项基本权力，不能为立法机关所放弃或从政府中转移。2.指根据美国宪法第十条修正案授予州的权力，依此权，州有权制定和实施保障公共卫生、公共安全和社会福利的法律，或将此权委托给地方政府。不过州行使此项权力应受正当程序和其他规定的限制。3.泛指政府对私有财产使用的干预，如将该财产予以征用〔eminent domain〕。

In United States constitutional law, the police power is the capacity of the states to regulate behavior and enforce order within their territory for the betterment of the health, safety, morals, and general welfare of their inhabitants. Police power is defined in each jurisdiction by the legislative body, which determines the public purposes that need to be served by legislation. Under the Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, the powers not delegated to the Federal Government are reserved to the states or to the people. This implies that the Federal Government does not possess all possible powers, because most of these are reserved to the State governments, and others are reserved to the people. 以下为具体例句，可供参考：

例句1

Police powers are the fundamental ability of a government to enact laws to coerce its citizenry for the public good, although the term eludes an exact definition. The term does not directly relate to the common connotation of police as officers charged with maintaining public order, but rather to broad governmental regulatory power.

治安权是一个政府为了公共利益制定法律来强制其公民的基本能力，尽管这个术语没有一个确切的定义。这个术语与警察作为负责维持公共秩序的官员的通常含义没有直接关系，而是与广泛的政府管制权力有关。

例句2

Police power is the right to protect the country and its population from threats to the public health and safety. The term “police power” predates the development of organized police forces, which did not develop until the postcolonial period. In the colonial period, police power was used to control nuisances, such as tanneries that fouled the air and water in towns, to prevent the sale of bad food, and to quarantine persons who were infected with communicable diseases.

治安权是保护国家及其人民免受公共健康和安全威胁的权利。“治安权”一词出现在有组织的治安力量发展之前，直到后殖民时期才有所发展。在殖民时期，治安权被用来控制公害，如污染城镇空气和水的制革厂，防止变质食品的销售，以及隔离感染传染病的人。

例句3

Police power describes the basic right of governments to make laws and regulations for the benefit of their communities. Under the system of government in the United States, only states have the right to make laws based on their police power. The lawmaking power of the federal government is limited to the specific grants of power found in the Constitution.

治安权描述了政府为了其社区的利益而制定法律和规章的基本权利。在美国的政府体制下，只有各州有权根据自己的治安权制定法律。联邦政府的立法权仅限于宪法中的特定授权。

例句4

Police power is exercised by the legislative and executive branches of the various states through the enactment and enforcement of laws. States have the power to compel obedience to these laws through whatever measures they see fit, provided these measures do not infringe upon any of the rights protected by the United States Constitution or their own state constitutions and are not unreasonably arbitrary or oppressive.

治安权由各州的立法和行政部门通过颁布和执行法律来行使。各州有权通过他们认为合适的任何措施迫使人们遵守这些法律，只要这些措施不侵犯美国宪法或他们自己的州宪法所保护的任何权利，并且不是不合理的武断或压迫性的措施。