选择投票制 preferential voting

亦作preferential system 或alternative vote。允许或要求选民对同一职位表示两种以上选择权的投票制度。具体指选民在选票上表明其对各个候选人的选择顺序，以便没有候选人所得第一顺序的票超过半数时，计算第一和第二顺序的票。如果必要，也计算第三顺序及以后顺序的票，直到有一名候选人获得绝对多数票为止。

Preferential voting or preference voting (PV) may refer to different election systems or groups of election systems: 1.Ranked voting methods, all election methods that involve ranking candidates in order of preference (American literature); 2.Open list proportional representation, sometimes known as “preferential voting” in Europe and nations such as Sri Lanka, with preference votes used by the voters to express preference to individual candidates on the party list; 3.Proportional voting methods. 具体例句如下，可供参考：

例句1

In Australia, preferential voting systems are majority systems where candidates must receive an absolute majority, more than 50% of the total formal votes cast, to be elected. If the absolute majority is not gained on the first count, then preferences are distributed until an absolute majority is obtained. The term “preferential voting” means voters can indicate an order of preferences for candidates on the ballot paper, i.e. who they want as their 1st choice, 2nd choice and so on.

在澳大利亚，选择投票制是多数票制，候选人必须获得绝对多数票，即正式投票总数的50%以上，才能当选。如果在第一次计票时没有获得绝对多数，那么将分配优先权，直到获得绝对多数。“选择投票制”一词是指选民可以在选票上标明候选人的优先顺序，即他们希望谁是他们的第一选择、第二选择等等。

例句2

The elector must show a preference for all candidates listed on the ballot paper. In some electoral systems which use full preferential voting, the voter can leave one box empty if the voter's intention with regard to the other preferences is clear. The empty box is treated as the voter's last preference, e.g. voting for the Victorian Legislative Assembly.

选举人必须表明对选票上列出的所有候选人的偏好。在一些采用完全选择投票制的选举制度中，如果投票人对其他优先选择的意图很明确，投票人可以将一个方框留空。空框被视为投票人的最后一位偏好，例如投票给维多利亚州立法议会。

例句3

The major benefit of optional preferential voting is the potential for reduction of error-induced informal voting. It is the simplest form of preferential voting and therefore least likely to lead the voter to invalidate his or her vote through numbering error.

选择投票制的主要好处是有可能减少由错误引起的非正式投票。这是最简单的选择投票制形式，因此最不可能导致投票人因编号错误而使其投票无效。

例句4

Preferential voting is a system whereby the voter indicates their order of preference by ranking the candidates in a sequence of first, second, third, etc. If one candidate does not receive the majority of 1st rank votes, the 2nd rank votes will be combined with the 1st rank to create a majority. If the majority still is not reached, 3rd rank votes will be considered, etc. Ballots are tallied according to an algorithm.

选择投票制是一种制度，投票人通过将候选人按第一、第二、第三等顺序排列来表明他们的优先顺序。如果一名候选人没有获得第一级选票的多数，第二级选票将与第一级选票相结合，形成多数。如果仍未达到多数，将考虑第三等级投票，依此类推。选票是根据一种算法计算的。