《元照英美法词典》对“no fault”的解释如下：

“无过错 1指在美国许多州实行的一种汽车保险。根据这种保险，不论受害人是否有过错，其保险公司均应向该受损害的被保险人支付某种限度以下的赔偿金；2指在美国绝大多数州实行的一种离婚方式。这种离婚只需当事人提出婚姻已经破裂并已无法挽回，或夫妻双方意见分歧已无法和解便可成立。根据这些州的法律，以「无过错」为理由提出的离婚申请，不必证明夫妻任何一方有过错便可判决离婚。有些州需当事人一方申请离婚，而双方在一定时期——如一年——内没有同居，法院便可认为婚姻已经破裂并已无法挽回而判决离婚。有些州则要求夫妻双方均表示同意离婚，法院才可判决「无过错」的离婚。”

从上述解释可以看出，美国的“no-fault state”应该指的是在汽车保险或离婚方面实行无过错制度的州。

关于无过错离婚，《元照英美法词典》已经给出了比较详细的描述。下面着重看一下无过错汽车保险的相关内容，Investopedia对“no-fault insurance”的介绍如下：

“No-fault insurance is intended to reduce the demands on the court system associated with car accident-related lawsuits. States with no-fault laws generally allow you to sue for severe injuries or pain and suffering only when damages meet certain thresholds.

A typical no-fault car insurance policy will consist of:

Bodily injury liability (BI) coverage

Property damage liability (PD) coverage

Personal injury protection (PIP) coverage

The liability portion of a no-fault insurance policy covers two distinct things: property damage and injuries caused to others. Property damage liability pays for damages to someone else's vehicle or other property in an accident you cause. Bodily injury liability coverage pays for medical expenses and related costs if you injure someone in an accident where you're found to be at fault. Your policy can have both a per-person bodily injury liability limit and a per-accident bodily injury liability limit.

Neither of those coverages pays for your own medical expenses or those of your passengers if you're involved in an accident. That's where the personal injury protection (PIP) component of a no-fault policy comes in.

Personal injury protection insurance allows you to file a claim for medical expenses or other costs resulting from a car accident, regardless of who was at fault. Depending on your policy, PIP coverage may also pay for lost wages or reimburse you if you have to hire someone to handle routine household chores for you while you're recovering from an injury.

Each state specifies a minimum amount of personal injury protection coverage that you're required to have as part of a no-fault policy. For example, you may need to have $10,000, $20,000, or up to $50,000 in PIP coverage. Minimum coverage amounts also apply to bodily injury liability and property damage liability insurance.

Currently, 12 states—Florida, Hawaii, Kansas, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, North Dakota, Pennsylvania, and Utah—plus Puerto Rico have some form of mandatory no-fault insurance law, according to the Insurance Information Institute.”

总结一下上文内容。无过错汽车保险通常由三个部分组成：人身伤害责任保险、财产损害责任保险和个人伤害保护保险。其中，责任部分涉及对他人造成的财产损害和人身伤害。财产损害责任保险针对的是在交通事故中对他人车辆或其他财产造成的损害，而人身伤害责任保险针对的是对他人造成人身伤害而产生的医疗费用及其他费用。至于个人伤害保护保险，针对的是自身的医疗费用或车上乘客的医疗费用。目前，美国共有12个州（佛罗里达州、夏威夷州、堪萨斯州、肯塔基州、马萨诸塞州、密歇根州、明尼苏达州、新泽西州、纽约州、北达科塔州、宾夕法尼亚州和犹他州）加上波多黎各（美国自由邦）实行无过错汽车保险制度。需要注意的是，根据美国一些州关于这类保险的法律，被保险人只有在受到严重的人身伤害或高额医疗费用等损失时才可以对致使其受损害的人或其保险人提起诉讼。