Freedom of the seas  公海自由

（国际法）指对于所有国家而言，公海是自由的、开放的，不从属于任何国家主权，任何国家和个人不得侵占公海的任何部分。各国在公海中享有航行自由、捕鱼自由、飞越自由、铺设海底电缆和管道自由、建造人工岛屿和其他设施自由及科学研究自由。任何国家不得在公海上对悬挂外国旗帜的船舶行使管辖权，但各国对于在公海上发生的海盗行为、贩运奴隶、贩运毒品和从事未经许可的广播等行为，可行使普遍管辖权。

Freedom of the seas (Latin: mare liberum, lit. “free sea”) is a principle in the international law and sea. It stresses freedom to navigate the oceans. It also disapproves of war fought in water. The freedom is to be breached only in a necessary international agreement. This principle was one of U.S. President Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points proposed during the First World War. In his speech to the Congress, the president said: Absolute freedom of navigation upon the seas, outside territorial waters, alike in peace and in war, except as the seas may be closed in whole or in part by international action for the enforcement of international covenants. 以下为相关例句，可供参考：

例句1

Today, the concept of “freedom of the seas” can be found in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea under Article 87(1) which states: “the high seas are open to all states, whether coastal or land-locked”.

今天，“公海自由”的概念可以在《联合国海洋法公约》第八十七条第一款中找到，该款规定：“公海对所有国家开放，无论是沿海国还是内陆国”。

例句2

Between the end of the 15th century up until the 17th century various powers claimed sovereignty over parts of the sea. In 1609, Dutch jurist and philosopher Hugo Grotius wrote what is considered the foundation of international legal doctrine regarding the seas and oceans – Mare Liberum, a Latin title that translates to “freedom of the seas”.

从15世纪末到17世纪，各种势力宣称对部分海域拥有主权。1609年，荷兰法学家和哲学家Hugo Grotius编撰了被认为是关于海洋的国际法律学说的基础——Mare Liberum，一个拉丁文标题，翻译成“公海自由”。