合同的解除、中止和终止有什么区别?分别怎么翻译?

合同的解除、中止和终止有什么区别?分别怎么翻译?

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合同的解除(Rescission)与是单方法律行为,由于主客观情况的出现,导致不可能或不必要履行合同时,当事人一方可根据法定或约定,通知另一方解除原合同法律关系。

合同的终止(Termination)是基于合同履行完毕、生效裁决或者合同当事人合意等法律事实,而导致合同法律关系归于消灭。

合同的中止(suspension)是合同履行的暂时停止,合同履行的暂时停止是完结了合同法律关系。


《中华人民共和国合同法》第94条:有下列情形之一的,当事人可以解除合同:

(一)因不可抗力致使不能实现合同目的;

If the objectives of the contract cannot be reached due to Force Majeure. 

(二)在履行期限届满之前,当事人一方明确表示或者以自己的行为表明不履行主要债务;

If a party, before the expiration of the performance term, expresses explicitly or implies by its action that it shall not perform its main debt obligations.

(三)当事人一方迟延履行主要债务,经催告后在合理期限内仍未履行;

If a party has delayed the performance of the main debts, and fails to perform them in a reasonable limit after being urged to do so

(四)当事人一方迟延履行债务或者有其他违约行为致使不能实现合同目的;

If the objectives of a contract cannot be reached because a party delays performing its debts or commits other actions in breach of the contract. 

(五)法律规定的其他情形。

any other circumstances as provided for by law.


《中华人民共和国合同法》91条:有下列情形之一的,合同的权利义务终止:

(一)债务已经按照约定履行;

Liability has all been performed according to the agreement by the parties.

(二)合同解除;

the contract has been rescinded.

(三)债务相互抵消;

Liabilities have mutually offset.

(四)债务人依法将标的物提存;

The debtor has withdrawn and deposited the subject matter according to laws. 

(五)债权人免除债务;

The creditor has remitted liabilities.

(六)债权债务同归于一人;

Both the creditor's rights and the debtor's liabilities are undertaken by one same person; or

(七)法律规定或者当事人约定终止的其他情形。

Other circumstances as provided for by law or stipulated by the parties.


参考双语例句:

In case of inability to fulfil the contract or to continue operation due to heavy losses in successive years as a result of force majeure, the duration of the cooperative venture and the contract shall be terminated before the time of expiration after being unanimously agreed upon by the board of directors and approved by the original examination and approval authority. 

如果因不可抗力致使在下一年度遭受严重损失而不能履行合同或继续经营,经董事会一致同意,并经原审批机关批准,合作企业期间和本合同应在期限届满前终止。

With the unanimous agreement of the Board of Directors and approval of the original inspection department, the Joint Venture can be terminated prior to the original term or the contract be terminated in advance if the Joint Venture suffers losses in consecutive years and is incapable of going on with the business for certain reasons. 

经董事会一致同意并经原审批机关批准,本可在原期间之前提前终止,或如果本合资企业连续年度遭受损失且出于某些原因不能继续经营,则本合同应提前终止。

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