mutual fund 共同基金；互助基金

由投资公司或投资银行经营管理的基金。投资公司或投资银行一方面以发行股票的形式从基金股东处筹集投资资金，然后投资于各种股票、债券、期权契约、商品和货币管理市场。共同基金可以为投资者提供多样化和专业化投资管理的优势，每年按一定比例向股东收取基金管理费。共同基金的收益取决于其投资组合的盈利状况。严格意义上的共同基金是一种股份不定额的投资信托公司，即开放型投资信托公司；但在美国，则通常泛指任何投资公司。

A mutual fund is a professionally managed investment fund that pools money from many investors to purchase securities. The term is typically used in the United States, Canada, and India, while similar structures across the globe include the SICAV in Europe ('investment company with variable capital') and open-ended investment company (OEIC) in the UK. Mutual funds are often classified by their principal investments: money market funds, bond or fixed income funds, stock or equity funds, or hybrid funds. Funds may also be categorized as index funds, which are passively managed funds that track the performance of an index, such as a stock market index or bond market index, or actively managed funds, which seek to outperform stock market indices but generally charge higher fees. Primary structures of mutual funds are open-end funds, closed-end funds, unit investment trusts. 以下为具体例句，供参考：

例句1

A mutual fund is a type of financial vehicle made up of a pool of money collected from many investors to invest in securities like stocks, bonds, money market instruments, and other assets. Mutual funds are operated by professional money managers, who allocate the fund's assets and attempt to produce capital gains or income for the fund's investors. A mutual fund's portfolio is structured and maintained to match the investment objectives stated in its prospectus.

共同基金是一种金融工具，由从许多投资者那里收集的资金组成，用于投资股票、债券、货币市场工具和其他资产等证券。共同基金由专业的基金经理运营，他们分配基金的资产，并试图为基金的投资者产生资本收益或收入。共同基金的投资组合是按照其招股说明书中规定的投资目标进行构建和维护的。

例句2

Mutual funds give small or individual investors access to professionally managed portfolios of equities, bonds, and other securities. Each shareholder, therefore, participates proportionally in the gains or losses of the fund. Mutual funds invest in a vast number of securities, and performance is usually tracked as the change in the total market cap of the fund—derived by the aggregating performance of the underlying investments.

共同基金为小投资者或个人投资者提供专业管理的股票、债券和其他证券投资组合。因此，每个股东按比例分享基金的收益或损失。共同基金投资于大量证券，业绩通常被追踪为基金总市值的变化——由基础投资的总业绩得出。

例句3

Mutual funds pool money from the investing public and use that money to buy other securities, usually stocks and bonds. The value of the mutual fund company depends on the performance of the securities it decides to buy. So, when you buy a unit or share of a mutual fund, you are buying the performance of its portfolio or, more precisely, a part of the portfolio's value.

共同基金汇集投资大众的资金，用这些钱购买其他证券，通常是股票和债券。共同基金公司的价值取决于它决定购买的证券的表现。因此，当你购买共同基金的一个单位或股票时，你购买的是其投资组合的表现，或者更准确地说，是投资组合价值的一部分。

例句4

Investing in a share of a mutual fund is different from investing in shares of stock. Unlike stock, mutual fund shares do not give its holders any voting rights. A share of a mutual fund represents investments in many different stocks (or other securities) instead of just one holding.

投资共同基金的股票不同于投资股票。与股票不同，共同基金的股票不赋予其持有人任何投票权。共同基金的股票代表了对许多不同股票（或其他证券）的投资，而不是仅仅持有一只股票。